养殖水貂一定要搞清楚水貂的饲料种类

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水貂的饲料种类

Feedtypesofmink

1、动物性饲料

1.Animalfeed

①鱼类饲料

Fishfeed

鱼类饲料是水貂动物性蛋白质的重要来源之一,资源广泛,价格低廉CoinFit。鱼的种类较多,概括起来可分为海杂鱼类和淡水鱼类两种。这些鱼除了河豚有毒鱼外,都可以作为水貂的饲料。

Fishfeedisoneoftheimportantsourcesofanimalproteininmink,whichhaswideresourcesandlowprice.Therearemanyspeciesoffish,whichcanbeclassifiedintotwospecies:seafishandfreshwaterfish.Thesefishcanbeusedasfeedforminkexceptforpufferfish.

新鲜的海杂鱼可以生喂,这样适口性强,蛋白质消化率高,对有轻度变质的海杂鱼需蒸煮消毒后熟喂CoinFit。少数海杂鱼和大多数淡水鱼含有硫胺毒酶,对维生素B1(硫胺素)有破坏作用,生喂后常引起维生素B1缺乏,也应经过蒸煮后熟喂。

Freshseamiscellaneousfishcanbefedraw,sopalatability,highproteindigestibility,slightlydeterioratedseamiscellaneousfishneedtobecookedanddisinfectedaftercookedfeeding.Asmallnumberofseamiscellaneousfishandmostfreshwaterfishcontainthiamineenzyme,vitaminB1(thiamine)destructiveeffect,oftencausevitaminB1deficiencyafterrawfeeding,shouldalsobecookedafterfeeding.

水貂日粮中全部以鱼类为动物性饲料时,可占日粮重量的70%~75%,并且要多种鱼混合饲喂,同时注意维生素B1和维生素E的供给,才能保证良好的生产效果CoinFit。如果鱼、肉及副产品搭配时,鱼类可占动物性饲料的40%~50%。鱼类饲料中不饱和脂脑酸含量较高,极易氧化酸败,鱼类的蛋白质也极易腐败。某些必需氨基酸的比例含量也与肉类有明显不同,所以完全采用鱼类养貂效果不如鱼肉混合,特别是鱼类品种太单一时,效果更差。

WhenallminkdietsareFISH-baseddiets,theycanaccountfor70%-75%ofthedietweight,andavarietyoffishshouldbemixedfeeding,atthesametimepayattentiontothesupplyofvitaminB1andvitaminE,inordertoensuregoodproductionresults.Iffish,meatandby-productsmatch,fishcanaccountfor40%to50%ofanimalfeed.Thecontentofunsaturatedlipoencephalicacidinfishfeedishigh,anditiseasytooxidizeandrancidize.Theproteinoffishisalsoeasytospoil.Theproportionofsomeessentialaminoacidsisalsosignificantlydifferentfromthatofmeat,sotheeffectofminkcultureisnotasgoodasthatofmixedfish,especiallywhenthespeciesoffishistoosingle.

展开全文

②肉类饲料

Meatfeed

肉类饲料是全价蛋白质饲料的重要来源CoinFit。它含有与水貂机体相似数量和比例的必需氨基酸,同时还含有脂肪、维生素和矿物质。肉类饲料种类多,适口性强,各种动物的肉,只要新鲜、无病、无毒均可被利用。

Meatfeedisanimportantsourceoffullproteinfeed.Itcontainsessentialaminoacidsinthesameamountandproportionasminks,aswellasfat,vitaminsandminerals.Therearemanykindsofmeatfeedwithstrongpalatability.Themeatofallkindsofanimalscanbeusedaslongasitisfresh,disease-freeandnon-toxic.

肉类饲料在日粮中可占动物性饲料15%~20%,最多不超过动物性饲料的50%CoinFit。利用肉类饲料时,需经卫生检疫,无病害者可生喂,可利用的病畜禽肉或污染的肉需高温无害处理后方可食用,不可利用的应禁止食用。痘猪肉除需高温高压处理外,要尽量去掉部分脂肪。同时增加维生素E的喂量,并搭配一定比例的低脂小杂鱼、兔头、兔骨架或鱼粉等。

Meatfeedcanaccountfor15%-20%ofanimalfeedinthediet,upto50%ofanimalfeed.Whenusingmeatfeed,itmustbehygienicquarantine,disease-freepeoplecanbefed,availablediseasedlivestockandpoultrymeatorcontaminatedmeatneedtobehightemperatureharmlesstreatmentbeforeedible,non-useshouldbeprohibited.Inadditiontohightemperatureandhighpressuretreatment,weshouldtrytogetridofsomefat.Atthesametime,theamountofvitaminEwasincreased,andacertainproportionoflow-fatsmallmiscellaneousfish,rabbithead,rabbitskeletonorfishmealwasadded.

肉类营养价值较高,但价格也较高,因此,要合理利用CoinFit。在繁殖期和幼兽生长期,可以适当增加肉类饲料比例,以提高日粮中蛋白质的生物学价值。

Meathashighernutritionalvaluebuthigherprice,sowemustmakerationaluseofit.Inthebreedingperiodandthegrowthperiodofyoungmammals,theproportionofmeatfeedcanbeappropriatelyincreasedtoimprovethebiologicalvalueofdietaryprotein.

③肉类副产品

Meatby-products

肉类副产品包括畜禽的头,骨架内脏和血液等,在生产实践已被广泛应用CoinFit。这些产品除肝脏、心脏、肾脏和血液外,蛋白质的消化率和生物学价值较低。因此,利用这些副产品喂貂数量要适当,并注意同其他饲料搭配。繁殖期注意不喂含激素的副产品。

Meatby-productsincludinglivestock'shead,skeleton,visceraandbloodhavebeenwidelyusedinproductionpractice.Theseproductshavelowdigestibilityandbiologicalvalueofproteinsexceptliver,heart,kidneyandblood.Therefore,itisappropriatetousetheseby-productstofeedmink,andpayattentiontootherfeeds.Nofeedinghormonecontainingby-productsduringbreedingseason.

肉类副产品一般占动物性饲料的30%~40%CoinFit

Meatby-productsgenerallyaccountfor30%to40%ofanimalfeed.

④干动物性饲料

4.Dryanimalfeed

常用的干动物性饲料有鱼粉、干鱼、血粉和羽毛粉等CoinFit

Commonlyuseddryanimalfeedsincludefishmeal,driedfish,bloodmealandfeathermeal.

鱼粉含蛋白质40%~60%、盐2.5%~4%,用新鲜优质鱼粉喂貂,幼兽生长期,在日粮中占动物性蛋白质的20%~25%,在非繁殖期,占动物性蛋白质的40%~45%CoinFit。鱼粉含盐量高,使用前必须用清水彻底浸泡。浸泡期间换2~3次水。

Fishmealcontains40%-60%proteinand2.5%-4%salt.Feedingminkswithfreshandhigh-qualityfishmeal,theyounganimalsinthegrowthperiod,inthedietofanimalproteinaccountedfor20%-25%,inthenon-reproductiveperiod,accountedfor40%-45%ofanimalprotein.Fishmealwithhighsaltcontentmustbethoroughlysoakedinwaterbeforeuse.2~3timesofwaterduringsoaking.

干鱼用干鱼养貂关键在于干鱼的质量CoinFit。优质干鱼可占日粮动物性饲料的70%~75%,但在水貂繁殖期,必须搭配25%~30%的全价蛋白质饲料(新鲜肉、蛋、奶和猪肝等)。幼貂育成期和冬毛生长期,必须要搭配新鲜的痘猪肉或添加植物油,以弥补干鱼脂肪的不足。

Thekeytodryfishbreedingwithdryfishisthequalityofdriedfish.High-qualitydriedfishcanmakeup70%-75%oftheanimalfeedinthediet,butinminkbreedingperiod,itmustbematchedwith25%-30%ofthefull-priceproteinfeed(freshmeat,eggs,milkandpigliver,etc.).Duringthegrowingperiodofminkandwinterhair,freshpoxporkorvegetableoilmustbeaddedtomakeupfortheshortageofdryfishfat.

血粉含蛋白质80%以上,其中含赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、精氨酸、胱氨酸较多,对幼貂生长和毛绒生长有良好的作用CoinFit。质量好的血粉可以喂貂,但不易消化,所以用量不易太高,一般占日粮动物饲料20%~25%。饲喂时应逐渐增加喂量,并经过蒸煮处理后与其他饲料搭配。

Thebloodmealcontainsmorethan80%protein,includinglysine,methionine,arginineandcystine.Ithasagoodeffectonthegrowthofminkandthegrowthofplush.Goodqualitybloodmealcanbefedtominks,butitisnoteasytodigest,soitisnoteasytousetoohigh,generallyaccountingfor20%to25%ofthedietanimalfeed.Feedshouldbegraduallyincreased,andaftercookingwithotherfeed.

羽毛粉羽毛粉蛋白质中含有丰富的胱氨酸,对水貂冬毛的形成有良好影响CoinFit。春秋两季换毛前1个月,日粮中加喂2~3克羽毛粉,连续3个月,有缓解自咬症和食毛症之效。羽毛粉应与谷物饲料混合蒸熟食喂。

Feathermeal,feathermealandproteinarerichincystine,whichhasagoodeffectontheformationofminkwinterhairs.Onemonthbeforethespringandautumnfeatherchange,2-3gramsoffeatherpowderwereaddedtothedietfor3consecutivemonths,whichhadtheeffectofalleviatingself-bitingandeatinghairs.Feathermealshouldbemixedwithcerealfeedandsteamedcookedfood.

⑤乳类

Milk

乳类饲料是水貂全价蛋白质的来源之一,一般只在繁殖期和幼貂生长期利用,对母貂泌乳及幼貂生长发育有良好的促进作用CoinFit。妊娠期一般每天可喂鲜奶30~40克,最多不能超过50~60克,其他时期可给15~20克。使用鲜乳一定要加热处理,一般在70~80℃条件下加热15分钟即可。无鲜乳可用全脂奶粉代替。

Dairydietisoneofthesourcesofminkfull-valentprotein.Itisgenerallyusedonlyinreproductiveperiodandgrowthperiodofyoungmink.Itcanpromotethelactationoffemaleminkandthegrowthanddevelopmentofyoungmink.Pregnancycangenerallybefedfreshmilk30-40gramsaday,notmorethan50-60grams,otherperiodscanbegiven15-20grams.Theuseoffreshmilkmustbeheattreatment,usuallyin70~80degreesundertheconditionsofheatingfor15minutes.Nofreshmilkcanbereplacedwithfullfatmilkpowder.

⑥蛋类饲料

Eggfeed

各种家禽的蛋及鸟蛋,都是生物学价值较高的饲料,在繁殖期利用效果较好CoinFit。蛋类饲料应熟喂,否则由于抗生物素蛋白的存在,将使水貂发生皮肤炎、脱毛等症。在准备配种期间,公貂每只用量10~20克,可提高精液品质,妊娠和哺乳母貂日粮中给20~30克鲜蛋,不仅对胚胎发育和提高仔貂的生命力有利,还能促进乳汁的分泌。

Allkindsofpoultryeggsandbirdeggsarehighbiologicalvalueoffeed,inthereproductiveperiodoftheuseofbetterresults.Eggfeedshouldbecooked,otherwiseminkswillsufferfromdermatitisanddepilationduetothepresenceofantibioticprotein.Duringtheperiodofpreparationformating,themaleminkdosageof10-20gramsperanimalcanimprovethesemenquality.20-30gramsoffresheggsaregiveninthedietofpregnantandlactatingfemaleminks,whichisnotonlybeneficialtoembryodevelopmentandvitality,butalsocanpromotemilksecretion.

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